1 - 4 days

Diarrhea RealPCR Panel (Comprehensive)

3 - 5 g (1 g minimum) fresh feces in a sterile container, RTFC (Red Top Fecal Container) preferred; keep refrigerated.

Fresh Feces up to 10 days at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated.

• C. Difficile Toxin A/B
• C. Perfringens Alpha Toxin (CPA)
• C. Perfringens Enterotoxin (CPE)
• C. Perfringens netEF (CPnetEF)
• Campylobacter Coli
• Campylobacter Jejuni
• Canine Circovirus (CaCV)
• Canine Coronavirus (CeCoV)
• Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)
• Canine Parvovirus 2 (CPV-2)
• Cryptosporidium Spp.
• Giardia Spp.
• Salmonella Spp.

Result indicates that the nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) of that organism(s) was not detected in the sample submitted. However, a negative PCR result may be caused by the number of organisms being below the limit of detection, decreased numbers of organisms following treatment or chronic carrier state, or the occurrence of a new strain variation.

Result indicates that the nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) of that organism(s) was detected in the fecal sample. In a patient with diarrhea, this supports infection. Vaccination with a modified live coronavirus vaccine may result in a positive result for up to a few weeks post-vaccination. Clostridium perfringens toxin genes (CPA, CPE, CPnetE/F) positive PCR results should be interpreted based on their quantitative levels. Note that recent or concurrent antibiotic therapy against Clostridium will lower the quantitative levels. In animals with CPA or CPE gene copies >300 Thous/g feces or CPnetE/F gene copies >20 Thous/g feces, the toxin may be contributing to diarrhea. In animals where the number of copies of the gene is below this cut-off, this toxin is unlikely to be contributing to diarrhea. Higher levels (>1000 Thous/g feces) of the CPnetE/F toxin gene are associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.

Includes quantification of Clostridium Perfringens Alpha Toxin (CPA) and Clostridium Perfringens Enterotoxin (CPE) genes if PCR positive.

PCR: Poor sample quality; aged sample; recent vaccination with modified live vaccines; recent antimicrobial therapy.

The coronavirus test included in this panel is specific to canine enteric coronavirus and does not detect SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent in COVID-19. Canine enteric coronavirus is species-specific and does not infect humans.

RealPCR / Immunoassays

1 - 4 days

Diarrhea RealPCR Panel (Comprehensive) / Fecal Dx Profile with Giardia

Submit separate specimens for RealPCR and DX Profile. Two containers each containing: 3 – 5 g (1 g minimum) fresh feces in a sterile container, RTFC (Red Top Fecal Container) preferred; keep refrigerated.

Fresh Feces up to 10 days at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated.

• C. Difficile Toxin A/B
• C. Perfringens Alpha Toxin (CPA)
• C. Perfringens Enterotoxin (CPE)
• C. Perfringens netEF (CPnetEF)
• Campylobacter Coli
• Campylobacter Jejuni
• Canine Circovirus (CaCV)
• Canine Coronavirus (CeCoV)
• Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)
• Canine Ova and Parasites
• Canine Parvovirus 2 (CPV-2)
• Cryptosporidium Spp.
• Flea Tapeworm Antigen
• Giardia Antigen
• Giardia Spp.
• Giardia Antigen
• Hookworm Antigen
• Roundworm Antigen
• Salmonella Spp.
• Whipworm Antigen

Result indicates that the nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) of that organism(s) was not detected in the sample submitted. However, a negative PCR result may be caused by the number of organisms being below the limit of detection, decreased numbers of organisms following treatment or chronic carrier state, or the occurrence of a new strain variation.

Result indicates that the nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) of that organism(s) was detected in the fecal sample. In a patient with diarrhea, this supports infection. Vaccination with a modified live coronavirus vaccine may result in a positive result for up to a few weeks post-vaccination. Clostridium perfringens toxin genes (CPA, CPE, CPnetE/F) positive PCR results should be interpreted based on their quantitative levels. Note that recent or concurrent antibiotic therapy against Clostridium will lower the quantitative levels. In animals with CPA or CPE gene copies >300 Thous/g feces or CPnetE/F gene copies >20 Thous/g feces, the toxin may be contributing to diarrhea. In animals where the number of copies of the gene is below this cut-off, this toxin is unlikely to be contributing to diarrhea. Higher levels (>1000 Thous/g feces) of the CPnetE/F toxin gene are associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.

Includes quantification of Clostridium Perfringens Alpha Toxin (CPA) and Clostridium Perfringens Enterotoxin (CPE) genes if PCR positive.

PCR: Poor sample quality; aged sample; recent vaccination with modified live vaccines; recent antimicrobial therapy.

The coronavirus test included in this panel is specific to canine enteric coronavirus and does not detect SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent in COVID-19. Canine enteric coronavirus is species-specific and does not infect humans.

1 day

Fecal Dx Profile with Giardia

3 – 5 g (1 g minimum) fresh feces in a sterile container, RTFC (Red Top Fecal Container) preferred; keep refrigerated.

Fresh Feces up to 10 days at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated.

• Fecal Ova and Parasites
• Flea Tapeworm Antigen
• Giardia Antigen
• Hookworm Antigen
• Roundworm Antigen
• Whipworm Antigen

1 - 4 days; allow additional time for strain identification if influenza A virus PCR positive

Respiratory Disease RealPCR Comprehensive Panel (Canine)

Deep pharyngeal swab (with visible organic material on swab; please rub firmly) and a conjunctival swab (wipe eye clean, swab inside of eyelid) in the same tube. Please submit dry, plastic-stemmed swabs, without transport media, in a WTT (White Top Tube); keep refrigerated.

Pharyngeal and Conjunctival Swab up to 10 days at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated.

• Bordetella Bronchiseptica
• Canine Adenovirus Type 2 (CAV)
• Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)
• Canine Herpesvirus (CHV-1)
• Canine Parainfluenza Virus (CPIV)
• Canine Pneumovirus (CnPnV)
• Canine Respiratory Coronavirus (CRCoV)
• Influenza Virus (H7N2)
• Influenza A Virus (H1N1)
• Influenza A Virus (H3N2)
• Influenza A Virus (H3N8)
• Influenza A Virus (H7N2)
• Mycoplasma Cynos
• Streptococcus S. Equi Zooepidemicus

Result supports the absence of an infectious cause by these organisms for the clinical signs. PCR may not detect 100% of the isolates for the tested pathogens in a chronic carrier state, or the occurrence of a new strain variation.

Result indicates the detected organism(s) is likely an infectious cause for the clinical signs. Additional causes for the clinical signs should be assessed separately. Vaccination with a modified live vaccine may result in positive results for up to a few weeks post-vaccination.

If PCR positive for distemper, includes quantification and an interpretation regarding whether levels are consistent with vaccinal positive or natural infection. Includes strain identification for influenza A virus if PCR positive.

The coronavirus test included in this panel is specific to canine enteric coronavirus and does not detect SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent in COVID-19. Canine enteric coronavirus is species-specific and does not infect humans.

1 - 4 days

Ringworm (Dermatophyte) RealPCR Panel

Plucked hair with follicles (minimum 10 – 20 visible hairs) and skin scrapings from the active border of lesion (preferred) in WTT (White Top Tube), if no distinct lesions are present, pluck hairs from site of prior lesions (if known) and/or submit hair from a thorough coat brushing, using a toothbrush in WTT (White Top Tube); keep refrigerated.

Hair and Skin Scrapings up to 10 days at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated.

• Microsporum Canis
• Microsporum Spp.
• Trichophyton Spp.

Result indicates that DNA of Microsporum spp or Trichophyton spp organism(s) was not detected in the sample submitted. However, a negative PCR result may be caused by the numbers of organisms being below the limit of detection, decreased numbers of organisms following treatment or chronic, carrier state, or the occurrence of a new strain variation.

Result indicates that DNA of Microsporum spp. or Trichophyton spp. was detected in the submitted sample. In a patient with clinical signs, this supports infection. Positive resuls may also be seen in nonclinical patients in a carrier state. Zoonotic potential exist.

Poor sample quality; aged sample; recent antifungal therapy.

RealPCR / Microbiology

1 - 4 days; allow 14–16 days for the fungal culture

Ringworm (Dermatophyte) RealPCR Panel / Fungal Culture (on selective dermatophyte media)

Submit separate specimens for RealPCR and Fungal Culture. Two containers each containing: Plucked hair with follicles (minimum 10 – 20 visible hairs) and skin scrapings from the active border of lesion (preferred) in WTT (White Top Tube), if no distinct lesions are present, pluck hairs from site of prior lesions (if known) and/or submit hair from a thorough coat brushing, using a toothbrush in WTT (White Top Tube); keep refrigerated.

Hair and Skin Scrapings up to 10 days at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated.

• Microsporum Canis
• Microsporum Spp.
• Trichophyton Spp.

• Fungal Culture (on selective dermatophyte media)

Result indicates that DNA of Microsporum spp or Trichophyton spp organism(s) was not detected in the sample submitted. However, a negative PCR result may be caused by the numbers of organisms being below the limit of detection, decreased numbers of organisms following treatment or chronic, carrier state, or the occurrence of a new strain variation.

Result indicates that DNA of Microsporum spp. or Trichophyton spp. was detected in the submitted sample. In a patient with clinical signs, this supports infection. Positive resuls may also be seen in nonclinical patients in a carrier state. Zoonotic potential exist.

Poor sample quality; aged sample; recent antifungal therapy.

Fungal culture will only be performed if a separate specimen is submitted for culture.

Hematology & Coagulation

1 - 3 days

Color, appearance, sperm count, abnormal forms

1 mL semen in a sterile container, WTT (White Top Tube) preferred; keep at room temperature.

Semen up to 3 days at 59° to 77° F (15° to 22° C), keep at room temperature.

• Pathologist Report
• Semen Appearance
• Sperm/mL
• Volume Received

Aged sample, exposure to temperature extremes, semen extender.

1-4 days

Streptococcus Abortion RealPCR Panel

Vaginal swab (with visible organic material on swab; please rub firmly) in WTT (White Top Tube) and fresh placental tissue (if available) in a second WTT (White Top Tube); keep refrigerated.

Vaginal Swab up to 72 hours at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated. Fresh tissue up to 24 hours at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated.

• Streptococcus Canis
• S. Dysgalactiae Equisimilis
• S. Equi Zooepidemicus

Result indicates that beta hemolytic Streptococci DNA was not detected in the sample submitted. However, a negative PCR result may be caused by the numbers of organisms being below the limit of detection, decreased numbers of organisms following treatment or chronic carrier state, or the occurrence of a new strain variation.

Result indicates that DNA from this beta hemolytic Streptococci was detected in the sample submitted. In a patient with clinical signs and histopathology findings, this supports infection. Certain chronic infections may not be the primary cause for the reproductive problems and additional causes should be assessed separately.

It is preferred to have fresh placental tissue for testing, but the panel can be run solely on the vaginal swabs with the understanding that the levels of infection may not be as pronounced as inside the placenta.

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

15 - 23 days

Extensive screen for a wide variety of pesticides, drugs, pollutants, and industrial chemicals.

10 mL urine divided into two sterile container, WTT (White Top Tube) preferred; keep refrigerated. Please specify collection method.

24 hours at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated.

• Toxicology Urine Screening

Aged sample, exposure to temperature extremes, formalin, and saline.

8:00am for Urinalysis

Urinalysis: physical, chemical and microscopic analyses

5 mL urine in a sterile container, WTT (White Top Tube) preferred; keep refrigerated. Please specify collection method.

24 hours at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated.

• Bacteria
• Bilirubin
• Blood
• Casts
• Clarity
• Color
• Crystals
• Cystatin B
• Epi Cell
• Glucose
• Ketones
• Mucus
• Ph
• Protein
• RBC
• Specific Gravity
• Urobilinogen
• WBC

Do not submit syringes with needles.

Clot activator, aged sample, EDTA; myoglobinuria or hemoglobinuria may cause a positive for blood on dipstick in the absence of red blood cells on sediment; Captopril and ace-inhibitors may cause false negative for blood on dipstick.

2-5 days if culture positive, with negative results reported in 1-2 days

Urine culture: organism ID and susceptibility

5 mL urine in a sterile container, WTT (White Top Tube) preferred; keep refrigerated. Please specify collection method.

24 hours at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated.

• Urine Culture

Results reported as no growth, or identification and susceptibility (aerobic only). Most, but not all cultures, will also include minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) with the susceptibility. IDEXX follows the guidelines set by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), formerly the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS), combined with our years of experience in performing susceptibility testing. Susceptibilities will not be performed on normal flora or nonpathogenic organisms. Pathogens with predictable susceptibility patterns, or with no CLSI interpretive standards will be reported with a recommended list of antimicrobials. Examples include β-hemolytic streptococci (beta-strep) and Pasteurella in nonsterile sites. Pathogens that are not suitable for routine susceptibility testing, due to their growth characteristics (i.e. slow-growing, anaerobic) or lack standardized methodology for testing, will be reported with recommended antibiotics. Examples include Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Actinomyces spp.

Do not submit syringes with needles.

Recent antibiotic therapy, anticoagulants.

Chemistry & Culture

8:00am for Urinalysis. 2-5 days if culture positive, with negative results reported in 1-2 days

Urinalysis: physical, chemical and microscopic analyses / Urine culture: organism ID and susceptibility

5 mL urine in a sterile container, WTT (White Top Tube) preferred; keep refrigerated. Please specify collection method.

24 hours at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated.

• Bacteria
• Bilirubin
• Blood
• Casts
• Clarity
• Color
• Crystals
• Cystatin B
• Epi Cell
• Glucose
• Ketones
• Mucus
• Ph
• Protein
• RBC
• Specific Gravity
• Urobilinogen
• WBC

• Urine Culture

Results reported as no growth, or identification and susceptibility (aerobic only). Most, but not all cultures, will also include minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) with the susceptibility. IDEXX follows the guidelines set by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), formerly the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS), combined with our years of experience in performing susceptibility testing. Susceptibilities will not be performed on normal flora or nonpathogenic organisms. Pathogens with predictable susceptibility patterns, or with no CLSI interpretive standards will be reported with a recommended list of antimicrobials. Examples include β-hemolytic streptococci (beta-strep) and Pasteurella in nonsterile sites. Pathogens that are not suitable for routine susceptibility testing, due to their growth characteristics (i.e. slow-growing, anaerobic) or lack standardized methodology for testing, will be reported with recommended antibiotics. Examples include Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Actinomyces spp.

Do not submit syringes with needles.

Clot activator, aged sample, EDTA; myoglobinuria or hemoglobinuria may cause a positive for blood on dipstick in the absence of red blood cells on sediment; Captopril and ace-inhibitors may cause false negative for blood on dipstick. Recent antibiotic therapy, anticoagulants.

RealPCR / Immunoassays

1 - 4 days; allow additional time for strain identification if influenza A virus PCR positive

Respiratory Disease RealPCR Comprehensive Panel (Canine) / Diarrhea RealPCR Panel (Comprehensive) / Fecal Dx Profile with Giardia

Deep pharyngeal swab (with visible organic material on swab; please rub firmly) and a conjunctival swab (wipe eye clean, swab inside of eyelid) in the same tube. Please submit dry, plastic-stemmed swabs, without transport media, in a WTT (White Top Tube); keep refrigerated.

Submit separate specimens for RealPCR and DX Profile. Two containers each containing: 3 – 5 g (1 g minimum) fresh feces in a sterile container, RTFC (Red Top Fecal Container) preferred; keep refrigerated.

Pharyngeal and Conjunctival Swab up to 10 days at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated. Fresh Feces up to 10 days at 36° to 46° F (2° to 8° C), keep refrigerated.

• Bordetella Bronchiseptica
• C. Difficile Toxin A/B
• C. Perfringens Alpha Toxin (CPA)
• C. Perfringens Enterotoxin (CPE)
• C. Perfringens netEF (CPnetEF)
• Campylobacter Coli
• Campylobacter Jejuni
• Canine Adenovirus Type 2 (CAV)
• Canine Circovirus (CaCV)
• Canine Coronavirus (CeCoV)
• Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)
• Canine Herpesvirus (CHV-1)
• Canine Ova and Parasites
• Canine Parainfluenza Virus (CPIV)
• Canine Parvovirus 2 (CPV-2)
• Canine Pneumovirus (CnPnV)
• Canine Respiratory Coronavirus (CRCoV)
• Cryptosporidium Spp.
• Flea Tapeworm Antigen
• Giardia Antigen
• Giardia Spp.
• Giardia Antigen
• Hookworm Antigen
• Influenza Virus (H7N2)
• Influenza A Virus (H1N1)
• Influenza A Virus (H3N2)
• Influenza A Virus (H3N8)
• Influenza A Virus (H7N2)
• Mycoplasma Cynos
• Roundworm Antigen
• Salmonella Spp.
• Streptococcus S. Equi Zooepidemicus
• Whipworm Antigen

[2524] Result supports the absence of an infectious cause by these organisms for the clinical signs. PCR may not detect 100% of the isolates for the tested pathogens in a chronic carrier state, or the occurrence of a new strain variation. [3808] Result indicates that the nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) of that organism(s) was not detected in the sample submitted. However, a negative PCR result may be caused by the number of organisms being below the limit of detection, decreased numbers of organisms following treatment or chronic carrier state, or the occurrence of a new strain variation.

[2524] Result indicates the detected organism(s) is likely an infectious cause for the clinical signs. Additional causes for the clinical signs should be assessed separately. Vaccination with a modified live vaccine may result in positive results for up to a few weeks post-vaccination. [3808] Result indicates that the nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) of that organism(s) was detected in the fecal sample. In a patient with diarrhea, this supports infection. Vaccination with a modified live coronavirus vaccine may result in a positive result for up to a few weeks post-vaccination. Clostridium perfringens toxin genes (CPA, CPE, CPnetE/F) positive PCR results should be interpreted based on their quantitative levels. Note that recent or concurrent antibiotic therapy against Clostridium will lower the quantitative levels. In animals with CPA or CPE gene copies >300 Thous/g feces or CPnetE/F gene copies >20 Thous/g feces, the toxin may be contributing to diarrhea. In animals where the number of copies of the gene is below this cut-off, this toxin is unlikely to be contributing to diarrhea. Higher levels (>1000 Thous/g feces) of the CPnetE/F toxin gene are associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.

If PCR positive for distemper, includes quantification and an interpretation regarding whether levels are consistent with vaccinal positive or natural infection. Includes strain identification for influenza A virus if PCR positive. Includes quantification of Clostridium Perfringens Alpha Toxin (CPA) and Clostridium Perfringens Enterotoxin (CPE) genes if PCR positive.

[PCR] Poor sample quality; aged sample; recent vaccination with modified live vaccines; recent antimicrobial therapy. [Fecal O&P] Small sample, aged sample, freezing, non-formalin fixatives, samples contacting ground for >= 30 minutes. [Giardia] Improper storage, PVA fixative, SAF.

The coronavirus test included in this panel is specific to canine enteric coronavirus and does not detect SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent in COVID-19. Canine enteric coronavirus is species-specific and does not infect humans.